The district was situated between 77.46' and 80.01' ,of the eastern longitudes and 18.40' and 19.56', of northern latitudes.The district is bounded on north by Yeotmal and Chanda district of Maharastra, on the east by Chanda district, on the south by Karimnagar and Nizamabad districts and on the west by Nanded district of Maharastra State.

            The district has population of 24,79,347 as per the 2001 census which accounts for 3.13% of the total population of the State.

Anantapur District was formed in the year 1882 having been separated from Bellary district. Later on, it was expanded with the addition of Revenue Mandals of Kadiri, Mudigubba, Nallamada, N.P.Kunta, Talupula, Nallacheruvu, O.D.Cheruvu, Tanakal, Amadagur and Gandlapenta (previous Kadiri Taluk) from Cuddapah District in the year 1910. During the year 1956, the present Revenue Mandals of Rayadurg, D.Hirehal, Kanekal, Bommanahal and Gummagatta of Bellary District were added to Anantapur District. The District has been divided into 3 Revenue Divisions consisting of 63 Revenue Mandals (Anantapur Division 20, Dharmavaram Division 17 and Penukonda Division 26).

Kadapa (Cuddapah) is situated in the south-central part of the Andhra Pradesh State. Located 8 km south of the Penna River, the city is surrounded on three sides by the Nallamala and Palakonda hills. The name 'Kadapa' is derived from the Telugu word 'Gadapa' ("threshold"). The city is so named because it is the gateway from the north to the sacred hill-'Pagoda' of Shri Venkateshvara (also spelt as Venkateswara) of Tirupati.

Hyderabad, the capital city of Andhra Pradesh consists of the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad and is a bustling 400-year-old metropolis with an urban population of 6 million people approximately. Hyderabad is famous as the former seat of the fabulously wealthy Nizams of Hyderabad. Built on the banks of the river Musi, and surrounded by huge prehistoric rock formations like petrified, gray elephants.

The district lies on the northern part ofAndhra Pradesh approximately between the latitudes 18 deg and 19 deg and longitudes 78 deg. 30 mn and 80 deg 31 min. The district is bounded on the north by Adilabad district,on the west by Medak District,on the North West by Nizamabad on the South by Warangal District and on the East by Godavari River.

This district derives its name from its chief town Kurnool the capital of former Nawabs, Capital of Andhra Pradesh State from 1st October 1953 to 1st November, 1956 and at present the headquarters of the district. The name Kurnool is said to have been derived form “Kandanavolu”.

Towns in the district include Nalgonda, Suryapeta, Kodad, Miryalguda , Kattangur, Bhongir, Alair, Narkatpalli, Huzurnagar, Devarakonda, Yadagirigutta, Mothkur and Nakrekal. The rivers Krishna, Musi River, Aleru, Peddavagu, Dindi and Paleru flow through Nalgonda district.